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A framework for confidence in the metaverse

Abstract
Still in its nascent phase, even as it rides the downward swing of a highly visible hype curve; the concept of "metaverse" remains undefined. Yet, the metaverse is emerging as a new frontier of social and economic interaction with the potential to transform the way we live, work and play. Given its potential to be highly disruptive, there is some urgency to develop a general understanding of the metaverse in this nascent phase, especially to avoid the pitfalls that continue to afflict its predecessors including Web 2.0 platforms like social media. To address this urgent need, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) established the first Focus Group on metaverse (FG-MV) in December 2022. A year later, in December 2023, FG-MV experts (brought together from around the world to shape the development of metaverse technology standardization for the benefit of all) proposed a baseline definition for the metaverse. This Technical Report (also a product of FG-MV) outlines an approach to pre-standardization of confidence in the metaverse by: 1. Expanding the "User Confidence Framework" introduced in ITU's FGMV-06: Technical Report on "Guidelines for consideration of ethical issues in standards that build confidence and security in the metaverse" (which was approved at the third meeting of the FG-MV, held on 3-5 October 2023, in Geneva, Switzerland), to include Security and Safety Dimensions in user confidence. 2. Developing a new framework for metaverse participation that defines new user centric terms related to metaverse use and non-use as an approach to understanding user metaverse engagement. 3. Discussing the concept of personhood for metaverse contexts to contextualize user presence in the metaverse.
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